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The Technicization of Sales Work: an Ethnographic Study in the US Electronics IndustryUniversity of Haifa, Israel darr{at}soc.haifa.ac.il When do salespeople become technical experts, and when does sales work become technical in nature? To address these questions, this study presents a typology of markets and compares the impact of the structure of knowledge on the organization of sales practices in a mass and in a non-standard market in the electronic industry. A year-long ethnographic study in the United States shows that the technicization of sales occurs only in the non-standard market, in which buyers do not possess knowledge on products' quality and in which no common image of use exists. The technicization of sales is manifested in a larger percentage of engineers in the sales force, an infusion of engineering knowledge into initial sales interactions, and in a greater dependence on social and interactive skills. The technicization of sales is further compounded by the need to communicate contextual knowledge. Co-development and shared practice emerge as dominant forms of work organization in the non-standard market.
Key Words: customization work • sociology of work • technical sales work • technicization of sales • technology and work organization
Work, Employment & Society, Vol. 16, No. 1,
47-65 (2002) |
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